Turkey has a civil law system built almost entirely on European continental codes, adopted as part of the sweeping secularizing reforms that followed the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 under Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. The Ottoman era's mixed religious and customary legal framework was replaced within a few years: Turkey adopted the Swiss Civil Code in 1926, later revised in 2001, modeled its criminal code on Italy's Zanardelli penal code, and drew on German influenced commercial and procedural codes, producing a thoroughly continental legal order in which legislation, not judicial precedent, is the primary source of law. The 1982 Constitution sets out the structure of government and the catalogue of rights, and a Constitutional Court exercises judicial review over legislation. Turkey's long-standing customs union and accession relationship with the European Union has also driven substantial harmonization of Turkish law, particularly in commercial and regulatory areas, with European Union legal standards.
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Legal Family Law of Turkey
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Legal-system family: Civil Law Family, following the CIA World Factbook and JuriGlobe comparative-law family classification.
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Source Ali Fuat Başgil (Wikipedia)
Source Ayla Akat Ata (Wikipedia)
Source Constitutional Court of Turkey (Wikipedia)
Source Central Intelligence Agency: Turkey, The World Factbook (factbook.json archive copy)
Source Ebru Günay (Wikipedia)
Source Hasan Fehmi Güneş (Wikipedia)
Source Hasip Kaplan (Wikipedia)
Source Kadir Özkaya (Wikipedia)
Source Mahmut Esat Bozkurt (Wikipedia)
Source Melahat Ruacan (Wikipedia)
Source Münci Kapani (Wikipedia)
Source Saadet Yüksel (Wikipedia)
Source Surname Law (Wikipedia)
Source Turkish Constitution of 1961 (Wikipedia)
Source Turkish Penal Code (Wikipedia)
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1. Judicial system of Turkey (Wikipedia)
- Turkey adopted a civil law legal system, replacing Ottoman law and the Sharia courts
- In Group: German Civil Law Tradition, Civil Code adopted in 1926 was based on the Swiss Civil Code of 1907
View the SourceHasan Fehmi Güneş (Wikipedia)
Includes: Hasan Fehmi Güneş, LeadQuote, Includes: Hasan Fehmi Güneş, Lead
Hasan Fehmi Güneş (1934-23 November 2021) was a Turkish jurist and politician who served as the interior minister in 1979.
Melahat Ruacan (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Melahat Ruacan, Wikipedia lead sentenceQuote, Includes: Melahat Ruacan, Wikipedia lead sentence
was a female Turkish high court judge and the first woman el
Mahmut Esat Bozkurt (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Mahmut Esat Bozkurt, Wikipedia lead sentenceQuote, Includes: Mahmut Esat Bozkurt, Wikipedia lead sentence
was a Turkish jurist
Turkish Penal Code (Wikipedia)
Includes: Turkish Penal Code, Wikipedia lead paragraphQuote, Includes: Turkish Penal Code, Wikipedia lead paragraph
The Turkish Penal Code (Turkish: Türk Ceza Kanunu) is the cod
Münci Kapani (Wikipedia)
Includes: Münci Kapani, Wikipedia lead sentenceQuote, Includes: Münci Kapani, Wikipedia lead sentence
was a Turkish academic
Surname Law (Wikipedia)
Includes: Surname Law (Turkey), IntroductionQuote, Includes: Surname Law (Turkey), Introduction
The Surname Law (Turkish: Soyadı Kanunu) of the Republic of Turkey is a law adopted on 21 June 1934, requiring all citizens to adopt the use of fixed, hereditary surnames.
Hasip Kaplan (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Hasip Kaplan, IntroductionQuote, Includes: Hasip Kaplan, Introduction
Hasip Kaplan (born 1 January 1954, Dirkseli, İdil, Turkey) a Kurdish lawyer and politician; former member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for several parties, in 2015 he represented the Peoples Democratic Party (HDP) in the Turkish Parliament.
Kadir Özkaya (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Kadir Ozkaya, IntroductionQuote, Includes: Kadir Ozkaya, Introduction
Kadir Özkaya (born 12 August 1963) is the President of the Constitutional Court of Turkey.
Ebru Günay (Wikipedia)
Includes: Ebru Günay, IntroductionQuote, Includes: Ebru Günay, Introduction
Ebru Günay (born 1 January 1982, Bingöl, Turkey) is a Kurdish jurist and a politician of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP).
Ayla Akat Ata (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Ayla Akat Ata, IntroductionQuote, Includes: Ayla Akat Ata, Introduction
Ayla Akat Ata (born 16 February 1976) is a Kurdish lawyer and former member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey of the Peace and Democracy Party (BDP).
Saadet Yüksel (Wikipedia)
Includes: Saadet Yüksel, LeadQuote, Includes: Saadet Yüksel, Lead
Saadet Yüksel (born 7 December 1983) is a Turkish judge at the European Court of Human Rights.
Ali Fuat Başgil (Wikipedia)
Includes: Ali Fuat Başgil, LeadQuote, Includes: Ali Fuat Başgil, Lead
Ali Fuat Başgil (1893-1967) was a Turkish politician and a faculty member of Istanbul University and Ankara University.
Constitutional Court of Turkey (Wikipedia)
WikipediaIncludes: Constitutional Court of Turkey, Lead (country)Quote, Includes: Constitutional Court of Turkey, Lead (country)
The Constitutional Court of Turkey (Turkish: Anayasa Mahkemesi or AYM) is the highest legal body for constitutional review in Turkey.
Turkish Constitution of 1961 (Wikipedia)
Includes: Turkish Constitution of 1961, Lead paragraphQuote, Includes: Turkish Constitution of 1961, Lead paragraph
was the fundamental law of Turkey from 1961
Central Intelligence Agency: Turkey, The World Factbook (factbook.json archive copy)
Central Intelligence AgencyIncludes: Council of State of Turkey, Government, legal systemQuote, Includes: Council of State of Turkey, Government, legal system
civil law system based on various European systems, notably the Swiss civil code
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