Thurgood Marshall lived from 1908 to 1993 and was an American lawyer who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991, the Court's first African-American justice. Before his judicial service he was an attorney who fought for civil rights, leading the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund and winning 29 of the 32 civil rights cases he argued before the Supreme Court, culminating in the Court's landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which rejected the separate but equal doctrine and held segregation in public education unconstitutional. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall to the Supreme Court in 1967, where he was a staunch liberal who frequently dissented as the Court became more conservative, including in more than 1,400 cases with Justice William J. Brennan Jr. in which the majority declined to review a death sentence.
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