Theodore Balsamon (c. 1130-after 1195) was a twelfth century Eastern Orthodox canonist and theologian who served as Patriarch of Antioch from 1193 while remaining based in Constantinople. His significance as a jurist rests on the Scholia, a comprehensive commentary on the Nomocanon of Photios completed around 1170 that examined the relationship between ecclesiastical canons and civil law, which remains influential in Eastern Orthodox canon law. He also compiled ecclesiastical constitutions and engaged with disputes between the Eastern and Western churches following the schism of 1054.
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