George Sutherland

George Alexander Sutherland lived from March 25, 1862 to July 18, 1942 and was a British-born American jurist and politician who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1922 to 1938. A member of the Republican Party, he also represented Utah in the U.S. Senate from 1905 to 1917 and in the House of Representatives from 1901 to 1903. Born in Buckinghamshire, England, Sutherland immigrated to the United States with his family as a young child in the 1860s. After attending the University of Michigan Law School, Sutherland established a legal practice in Provo, Utah, and won election to the Utah State Senate. Sutherland won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1900 and to the U.S. Senate in 1904; as a member of Congress he supported several progressive policies but generally aligned with the partys conservative wing, winning re-election in 1910 but losing in 1916 to Democrat William H. King. On the Supreme Court, Sutherland made up part of the Four Horsemen, a group of conservative justices that often voted to strike down New Deal legislation. He retired in 1938 and was succeeded by Stanley Forman Reed. Sutherland wrote the Courts majority opinions in cases such as Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., Powell v. Alabama, Carter v. Carter Coal Co., Adkins v. Childrens Hospital, Blockburger v. United States, and United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp.