Consular court

Consular courts were law courts established by foreign powers in countries where they held extraterritorial rights, presided over by consular officers rather than local judges. They arose when Western nations secured, through treaty, immunity from the legal systems of countries they regarded as having underdeveloped legal frameworks, and they handled both civil and criminal matters involving citizens of the treaty powers, allowing those foreign nationals to bypass the domestic courts of the host country entirely. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/