The Dowry Prohibition Act, in force in India from July 1, 1961, was the country's first nationwide law against the dowry system, making it an offense to give, take, or demand dowry, defined as cash, property, or goods a bride's family gives as a condition of marriage. It was later reinforced by Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code in 1983 and by the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act in 2005, which added penalties for dowry-related harassment and death. Despite decades of enforcement, dowry deaths and dowry-related violence have continued in India, and the law has also drawn criticism over low conviction rates and concerns about its misuse in false accusations.
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