Constitution of Albania

The Constitution of the Republic of Albania was adopted by Parliament on 21 October 1998 and certified by presidential decree on 28 November 1998 following approval in a public referendum. It establishes Albania as a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic with a 140-member unicameral legislature that elects the president as head of state, while a prime minister leads the executive government. Organized into eighteen parts, the document sets out parliamentary democracy, popular sovereignty and fundamental citizens' rights, and it replaced the heavily amended 1976 socialist-era constitution, resolving decades of instability across Albania's shifts between monarchy, republic and one-party socialist rule since independence in 1913.