Thomas Babington Macaulay was a British historian, poet and Whig politician who lived from 1800 to 1859, best known for his History of England. He served as Secretary at War from 1839 to 1841 and Paymaster General from 1846 to 1848. While serving in India from 1834 to 1838 as the first Law Member of the Governor General's Council and head of the Law Commission, he led the drafting of a criminal law code that became the Indian Penal Code, enacted in 1860 after his death. The code inspired similar codes across other British colonies and remains in force, in amended form, in a number of Commonwealth countries including Pakistan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
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