Rui Barbosa (1849-1923) was a Brazilian jurist, writer, philologist, journalist, diplomat and politician who was a leading advocate for civil liberties and the abolition of slavery, and who helped shape Brazil's first republican constitution. He served as Minister of Finance from 1889 to 1891 and as a senator for Bahia from 1890 until his death, represented Brazil at the Second Hague Peace Conference, was a founding member and president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, and was elected a judge of the Permanent Court of International Justice shortly before he died in 1923.
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