Franz Eduard Ritter von Liszt, born 2 March 1851 in Vienna and who died 21 June 1919 in Seeheim, Germany, was a German jurist, criminologist and international law reformer who earned his doctorate in law from the University of Vienna. He held law professorships at Graz from 1876, Marburg from 1882, Halle from 1889 and Berlin from 1898 to 1917, and served in the Progressive People's Party within the Prussian Chamber of Deputies and the Reichstag. He founded the Marburg School of criminal law, treating crime as a social phenomenon and developing a theory of preventive punishment emphasizing rehabilitation and special prevention; his criminal law textbook reached 26 editions by 1932 and his international law textbook reached 11 editions between 1898 and 1919. He co-founded the International Criminal Law Association in 1889 and advocated for mandatory international arbitration and a League of Nations with enforcement powers.
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