All Intermediate Appellate Courts

The appellate courts that sit between a trial or first-instance court and a jurisdiction's true court of last resort: they review a lower court's decision, but their own ruling can still be appealed further, to a national supreme court or equivalent apex court. Belongs here: a national or subnational intermediate court of appeal (a United States federal circuit court of appeals, a US state court of appeals such as Ohio's, Iowa's, Kentucky's or Missouri's, England and Wales' Court of Appeal, a regional Habsburg Netherlands provincial council such as Brabant, Flanders or the Hof van Holland that answered to the Great Council of Mechelen, a Chinese provincial high people's court that answers to the Supreme People's Court). Does not belong here: a court whose decision is genuinely final within its own legal system, which belongs in this atlas's National Supreme Courts (Last Resort) subcategory instead.