Courts
Tribunal of the Roman Rota
Also Known As Roman Rota
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The ordinary appellate tribunal of the Holy See and the highest ecclesiastical court of the Catholic Church for ordinary appeals, hearing cases from lower diocesan tribunals worldwide, principally marriage-nullity cases, though it has competence over any matter of canon law. Its decisions foster a unified body of canon-law jurisprudence and assist lower tribunals in applying the Code of Canon Law consistently.
Facts
Disputed
Founding YearThe Rota traces informally to the twelfth century, when papal chaplains recorded testimony in cases the Pope alone judged, and became a collegiate tribunal in the thirteenth century; 1331 marks Pope John XXII bull Ratio Juris, which first laid down settled rules for it, so no single founding year is agreed among historians of the tribunal. Jurisdiction ScopeOrdinary appellate tribunal of the Holy See, principally marriage-nullity appeals from diocesan tribunals worldwide, with competence over any canon-law case; sits above diocesan and metropolitan tribunals and below only the Apostolic Signatura. 1 Cross-Tradition Connections
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