Constitutional Declaration of Libya

Libya's Constitutional Declaration was issued by the National Transitional Council on 3 August 2011 in the aftermath of the uprising that overthrew Muammar Gaddafi, establishing Libya as a democracy with Islam as the state religion and guaranteeing the rule of law, an independent judiciary and fundamental rights. It was intended as a temporary framework pending a permanent constitution; the General National Congress was tasked with convening a constituent assembly to draft one by 2013, but that process stalled amid political fragmentation and civil conflict, and a 2017 draft constitution was prepared but never formally adopted or ratified. Libya therefore continues to operate under the 2011 Declaration as a provisional constitutional arrangement, its authority contested by the country's divided governments, rather than under any adopted permanent constitution.