Constitution of Tunisia

Tunisia's current constitution was adopted by referendum on 25 July 2022 with about 95 percent support on roughly 31 percent turnout, initiated by President Kais Saied and replacing the 2014 constitution; it establishes a presidential system with a bicameral parliament and concentrates executive power in a president who appoints the government without a parliamentary confidence vote. The 2014 constitution it replaced had itself been adopted on 26 January 2014 by a 200 to 12 vote of the Constituent Assembly following the 2011 revolution, succeeding the 1959 constitution that had governed independent Tunisia for 55 years. Tunisia's constitutional tradition traces back further to the 1861 constitution, described as the first written constitution of an Arab and Islamic state.