Jamaica's constitution took effect on 6 August 1962, drafted by a bipartisan legislative committee through 1961 and 1962, approved in the United Kingdom as the Jamaica (Constitution) Order in Council 1962 and implemented through the Jamaica Independence Act 1962, superseding the 1959 Jamaica Constitution. It transformed Jamaica into an independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth, with Elizabeth II as constitutional monarch and Queen of Jamaica, and established a unitary parliamentary system comprising a bicameral Parliament of a House of Representatives and Senate, an executive Cabinet, and an independent judiciary.
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