Oman's Basic Statute was issued by Royal Decree 101/96 in 1996, establishing a hereditary sultanate headed by the Sultan as head of state and supreme commander of the armed forces, who presides over the Council of Ministers and is responsible for promulgating laws and appointing judges. It created the bicameral Council of Oman, combining an appointed State Council with an elected Consultative Assembly that reviews legislation before royal assent, and it protects freedom of opinion and expression within legal limits and prohibits discrimination on listed grounds. It was amended by Royal Decree 99/2011 after the Arab Spring protests to strengthen the legislature's authority, and by Royal Decree 6/2021 to set out procedures for appointing a crown prince.
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