Intrusion on seclusion

Intrusion on seclusion is one of the four privacy torts recognised in United States common law and is commonly regarded as the core claim for an invasion of privacy. A plaintiff must show that the defendant intentionally intruded upon the plaintiff's seclusion or private concerns, that the intrusion would be highly offensive to a reasonable person, and that it caused anguish and suffering. Liability attaches to the intrusion itself: the defendant need not have disclosed any facts about the plaintiff or even obtained private information. The plaintiff must have had a legitimate expectation of privacy in the place, conversation or data that was intruded upon, and the intent element turns on whether the defendant believed, or was substantially certain, that it lacked permission.