Historical and Ancient Courts gathers the trial courts of this subcategory that no longer sit in their original form: medieval England's Exchequer of Pleas and Court of King's Bench, ancient Rome's Centumviral court, Classical Athens' Dikasterion, the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem's High Court, Egypt's Mixed Courts that operated under extraterritorial jurisdiction until 1949, the Spanish Netherlands' 1567 Council of Troubles, Albania's 1945 Special Court, communist-era Czechoslovakia's Executive Court of Presov, the English Prerogative court, and a wartime resistance Underground court. Spanning from Classical antiquity through the twentieth century, these courts illustrate how court systems have changed shape across history even as the underlying function, first-instance adjudication, has stayed constant.
Facts
Comparison
Defining CharacteristicCertain former courts of England and Wales have been abolished or merged into or with other courts, and certain other courts of England and Wales have fallen into disuse. 1 Historical and Ancient Courts
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Sources
1. History of the courts of England and Wales (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHistory of the courts of England and Wales, opening sectionQuote, History of the courts of England and Wales, opening section
Certain former courts of England and Wales have been abolished or merged into or with other courts, and certain other courts of England and Wales have fallen into disuse.
Real Audiencia of Manila (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Real Audiencia of Manila, Lead sectionQuote, Has Member: Real Audiencia of Manila, Lead section
it was the highest tribunal within the territories of the Captaincy General of the Philippines
Court of Common Pleas (England) (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Court of Common Pleas (England), Lead, dissolutionQuote, Has Member: Court of Common Pleas (England), Lead, dissolution
the Common Pleas Division of the High Court ceased to exist, marking the end of the Court of Common Pleas
Court of Chancery (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Court of Chancery, Body text, historyQuote, Has Member: Court of Chancery, Body text, history
which dissolved the Chancery and created a new unified High Court of Justice
People's Court (Germany) (source article)
Has Member: People's Court (Germany), Article lead, court functionQuote, Has Member: People's Court (Germany), Article lead, court function
the court continued under Harry Haffner before dissolving in April 1945
Star Chamber (source article)
Has Member: Star Chamber, Lead [in-group]Quote, Has Member: Star Chamber, Lead [in-group]
from the late 15th century to the mid-17th century
Revolutionary Tribunal (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Revolutionary Tribunal, Origin [in-group]Quote, Has Member: Revolutionary Tribunal, Origin [in-group]
the Revolutionary Tribunal was finally discontinued on 31 May 1795
Real Audiencia of Charcas (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Real Audiencia of Charcas, IndependenceQuote, Has Member: Real Audiencia of Charcas, Independence
the Audiencia was not reestablished until 1816
Council of the Indies (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Council of the Indies, Lead [in-group]Quote, Has Member: Council of the Indies, Lead [in-group]
and definitively abolished in 1834 by the regency, acting on behalf of the four-year-old Isabella II.
Sanhedrin (source article)
Has Member: Sanhedrin, Lead, first sentenceQuote, Has Member: Sanhedrin, Lead, first sentence
was a Jewish legislative and judicial assembly in the ancient land of Israel
Senate of Finland (source article)
Has Member: Senate of Finland, Lead, first paragraph [in-group]Quote, Has Member: Senate of Finland, Lead, first paragraph [in-group]
renamed the Imperial Senate of Finland (Kejserliga senaten för Finland) in 1816, and dissolved in 1918
Grand Sanhedrin (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Grand Sanhedrin, LeadQuote, Has Member: Grand Sanhedrin, Lead
was a Jewish high court convened in Europe by French Emperor Napoleon I
Council of Ten (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Council of Ten, LeadQuote, Has Member: Council of Ten, Lead
was from 1310 to 1797 one of the major governing bodies of the Republic of Venice
Court of Wards and Liveries (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Court of Wards and Liveries, Lead, court tierQuote, Has Member: Court of Wards and Liveries, Lead, court tier
was a court established during the reign of Henry VIII in England
Real Audiencia of Panama (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Real Audiencia of Panama, Lead, abolitionQuote, Has Member: Real Audiencia of Panama, Lead, abolition
It existed three times under various guises since it first creation in 1538 until its ultimate abolition in 1751.
British Supreme Court for China (Wikipedia)
Has Member: British Supreme Court for China, LeadQuote, Has Member: British Supreme Court for China, Lead
was a court established in the Shanghai International Settlement to try cases against British subjects in China, Japan and Korea
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