Common Program

The Common Program was the provisional constitution of the People's Republic of China, adopted on 29 September 1949 by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference on the eve of the Communist revolution's victory. Composed of a preamble and seven chapters, it defined the new state as a New Democracy practicing people's democratic dictatorship led by the proletariat, established people's congresses headed by the National People's Congress as the organs of state power, and called for a mixed economy that prioritized state ownership while permitting private enterprise judged beneficial to the national economy, alongside land reform and industrialization. It remained in force, standing in for a formal constitution, until 1954.