Egyptian Constitution of 1923

The Egyptian Constitution of 1923 was promulgated on April 19, 1923 by King Fuad I and served as Egypt's primary governing document from 1923 to 1952. It established a parliamentary representative system built on the separation of and cooperation among the legislative, executive and judicial authorities, with a bicameral Parliament made up of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Modeled in part on Belgium's 1831 constitution, it nonetheless gave the king significant reserved powers, including a veto over legislation, the right to dissolve Parliament and the authority to appoint and dismiss ministers and to rule by decree while Parliament was in recess. The constitution was briefly replaced by a more royalist 1930 Constitution from October 1930 to December 1935, after which the 1923 text was restored. It remained nominally in force until the Egyptian monarchy was overthrown in the 1952 revolution, after which it was suspended and Egypt's constitutional order was eventually rebuilt under new republican constitutions.