Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo was approved by referendum and promulgated on 18 February 2006 by President Joseph Kabila, becoming the country's sixth constitution since independence in 1960. It divides the country into twenty five provinces plus the capital city of Kinshasa, mandates political pluralism and explicitly bars a one party system, and guarantees registered political parties access to public electoral subsidies. Title II sets out a bill of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, restricts marriage to opposite sex unions, and treats citizenship as exclusive rather than permitting dual nationality; the national motto it enshrines is Justice, Peace, Work.