Ahmad ibn Hanbal, an Arab jurist and scholar of the Abbasid-era Islamic Golden Age, was born in Baghdad in November 780 and died there on August 2, 855. He founded the Hanbali school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence, one of the four major Sunni schools of law and later the dominant school in Saudi Arabia and Qatar. He compiled the hadith collection al-Musnad, described as the largest such collection of its time and said to have influenced the methodology of later compilers including the authors of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. He became especially renowned for his refusal, during the Mihna inquisition under the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun, to accept the doctrine that the Quran was a created rather than eternal text, a stand that strengthened his standing among later Sunni scholars.
Facts
Rolejurist and founder of the Hanbali school 1 Nationality / Jurisdiction BirthplaceBaghdad, Abbasid Caliphate 1 Place of DeathBaghdad, Abbasid Caliphate 1 Classification
Field of LawLegal Philosophy and Jurisprudence 1 Role
Role (category) FAQs
Why did Ahmad ibn Hanbal resist the Mihna?
He refused the Mu'tazili doctrine that the Quran was created.
The Mihna was an inquisition under the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun, who wanted to assert his religious authority by pressuring scholars to adopt the Mu'tazili doctrine that the Quran was created rather than uncreated. Ahmad ibn Hanbal is known to have been called before it. According to Sunni tradition, he was one of the foremost scholars to resist the caliph's interference and the doctrine he imposed. His stance helped the Hanbali school establish itself firmly as a school of theology as well as of jurisprudence.
Connections
In Legal System
Source Wikidata: Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Additional Source Ahmad ibn Hanbal - WikipediaLead, first sentence
Sources
1. Ahmad ibn Hanbal - Wikipedia
Introduction (role)
jurist and founder of the Hanbali school
Introduction (nationality)
Arab jurist
Infobox (birth year)
November 780 CE
Infobox (birthplace)
Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate (modern day Iraq)
Illness and death section
This was on Tuesday, and he passed away on Friday." Ibn Hanbal died on Friday, 2 August 855, at the age of 74-75 in Baghdad.
Infobox (death place)
Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate (modern day Iraq)
Education and work section
After several years of travel, he returned to Baghdad to study Islamic law under al-Shafi'i, with whom he formed a close bond with. Ibn Hanbal became a judge in his old age. Through his students, the Hanbali school of jurisprudence was established, which is now most dominant in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
In Legal System: Sharia, Lead, first sentence
Ahmad ibn Hanbal (Arabic: أحمد ابن حنبل, romanized: Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal; 780-855) was an Arab jurist and founder of the Hanbali school who is widely recognized as the scholar who memorized the most Hadiths in Islamic history.
View the Source2. Wikidata: Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Wikidata Q194442, P569 date of birth claim (full date)
P569 (date of birth): 0780-11-27
Wikidata Q194442, P570 date of death claim (full date)
P570 (date of death): 0855-08-06
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar)
also known as: أبو عبد الله
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 3
also known as: شيخ الإسلام
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 4
also known as: إمام أهل السُنَّة والجماعة
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 5
also known as: عالم العصر
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 6
also known as: زاهد الدهر
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 7
also known as: مُحدِّث الدُنيا
Wikidata Q194442, P1449/P4970 alias claim (ar), value 8
also known as: عَلَم السُّنة
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