The codes that define a jurisdiction's criminal offenses and their punishments: what conduct is a crime and what penalty it carries, as distinct from the rules a court follows to try the case. Belongs here: a national or subnational penal or criminal code (the Indian Penal Code, the Model Penal Code, Germany's Strafgesetzbuch, France's successive penal codes, a Scandinavian, Baltic, East Asian or Commonwealth penal code), a code defining crimes against international law such as the Volkerstrafgesetzbuch, and a historical regulatory code whose core content was the definition and punishment of offenses. Does not belong here: a code of criminal procedure or evidence, which governs how a criminal case is tried rather than what conduct is criminal, and belongs in this atlas's Codes of Civil and Criminal Procedure subcategory instead.