Constitution of China

The Constitution of China, as published by the Constitute Project, is the 1982 constitution of the People's Republic of China in the form revised through 2018, with the 2018 amendments translated by the NPC Observer. Its preamble recounts Chinese history from one of the longest-standing countries, through the decline after 1840 into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, the Revolution of 1911 led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen that abolished the feudal monarchy and gave birth to the Republic of China, and the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 under the Communist Party of China with Chairman Mao Zedong as its leader. The body of the text has four chapters: general principles; the fundamental rights and duties of citizens; the structure of the state; and the national flag, anthem, emblem and capital. It makes the National People's Congress the highest organ of state power, with a Standing Committee as its permanent body, and gives that Congress the power to amend the Constitution. An amendment is proposed by the Standing Committee or by more than one fifth of the deputies and adopted by a majority of more than two thirds of all deputies.