The codes and rules that govern how a civil or criminal case moves through court: pleading, evidence, trial process and appeal, as distinct from the substantive civil or criminal law the case applies. Belongs here: a code of civil procedure, a code of criminal procedure, rules of evidence, and a code combining both such as a judicial code that organizes court process, whatever country or era it comes from (the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and of Criminal Procedure, India's Code of Civil Procedure and successive codes of criminal procedure, Germany's civil procedure code, Belgium's Judicial Code). Does not belong here: a civil code, a penal code, or a commercial code, each of which states substantive rights, duties or offenses rather than trial procedure, and belongs in one of this atlas's other code subcategories instead.